定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。关系代词有：that, which, whose, who, whom, as; 关系副词有：when, where, why。而且关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中都充当成分。掌握定语从句的关键是掌握关系词的使用要点。

1、由whose所引导的定语从句

在whose所引导的定语从句中，whose表示所属关系，作定语，它既可指人也可指物。

真题示例

1. This book is designed for the learners __ native languages are not English. (05-6)

    A) whose       B) which            C) who           D) what

2. Mr. Jones, __life was once very hard, is now very successful in his business.    (01-12)

A) of him         B) his            C) whose         D) by whom

答案：1. A)  2. C)

2、由as和which所引导的非限制性定语从句

As和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，代表主句的整个内容或部分内容，有时可互换，但as具有“正如……那样”含义，有些用法已经形成固定格式，which不能替代。例如：as is the case, as is known, as I can see, as expected……

真题示例

_____ is often the case, one third of the workers have over-fulfilled the production plan. (01-12)

A) What      B) This         C) That      D) As                 

答案：D)

3、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

能用于这种结构的关系代词有which, whom和whose。在这种结构中，注意判断介词的正确使用。

真题示例

1.  She got to know the young man very well ___ she had worked for so long. (05-1)

A) to whom        B) in whom      C) whom        D) with whom

2.  This is the microscope _____ which we have had so much trouble. (03-6)

A) at             B) from            C) of         D) with

 答案：1. D)  2. D) 

4、关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词when, where, why 等引出的定语从句分别用来修饰表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。这些关系副词在从句中均作状语, 它们的含义相当于at which, in which和for which, 因此它们之间可以交替使用。

真题示例

    The hotel _____ during the vacation was rather poorly managed. (04-6)

A) as I stayed  B) where I stayed  C) which I stayed    D) what I stayed     答案： B)

Exercises

1.  There were not so many tickets available _____ was expected.

A) as              B) which          C) as if                D) in which

2. The Information Department bought some new machines, _____ work very well.

  A) that             B) which          C) in which            D) in that

3. I, who _____ your best friend, will always stand with you.

  A) is               B) am            C) be                 D) are

4. I’ll explain the rules and regulations _____ we have received many objections.

  A) to which         B) against which    C) which              D) that

5. She arrived late for the party, _____ made us all disappointed.

  A)which            B) it              C) that               D) as

6. He examined the apples one by one and threw away those _____ were spoiled.

   A) whose          B) that             C) what               D) as

7. The world _____ we’re living is in constant change.

   A) where          B) which           C) what               D) that

8. Ford, _____ is expected, is a car of high quality and great comfort.

   A) which          B) as               C) that               D) who

9. China has thousands of islands, _____ is Taiwan.

A) the largest of that                   C) largest of which

B) the largest which                   D) the largest of which

10. She may have missed her train, in _____ case she won’t arrive for another hour.

   A) that           B) which            C) this               D) its